GEOLOGY

PART-I
(a) General Geology-Solar System. The Earth : its origin, age and internal constitution. Vocanoes-types, distribution geological effectesand productes. Earth-quakes-intensity, magnitude, distriution, causes and effectes. Elementary ideas about
isostasy, geosynclines, mountain building, continental drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics.
(b) Geomorphology-Basic concepts. External and internal processes. Rock weathering. Cycle of erosion. Fluvial landforms
and drainage patterns. Land-forms of aeolian, marine, glacial and 'Karst' landscapes. Element of Remote Sensing.
(c) Stuctural and Field Geology-Primary and secondary structures. Dip and strike of beds.Unconformities.Study of folds, jointes, faults, foliation and lineations. Overthrusts and nappe structures. Stages of rock deformation.Construction of blcok
diagrams. Stereographic and equal-area nets. Solutions of simple prolems by stereographic net.
Topographic maps and their interpretation. Use of clinometer compass in the field Measurments of bed, foliation, folds joints, faults and lineations in the field . Principles of geological mapping . Effects of topography on outcrops. Drawing of section.
PART-II
(a) Crystallography- Elements of crystal structure. Laws of crystallography , Symmetry elements of normal classes of seven crystal systems.
Properties and interaction of light and crystalline matter. Petrological imicroscope and accessories . Construction and use of Nicole prism Pleochroism, double refraction , extinction angle, birefringence and twinning in crystals , Isotropic ,uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
(b) Mineralogy- Physical , chemical and optical properties of the following common rock forming minerals : quartz, feldsper , mica , pyroxene amphibole, olivine , gamet , chlorite , carbonates , aluminosilicates . Structure of silicates and crystal chemistryof minerals .Gemstones.
(c) Economic Geology- Ore, ore mineral and gangue . Classification of ore deposits . Important processes of their formation . Occurrence, origin and distribution in India of the ores of aluminium, chromium, , copper , gold, lead,zinc, iron, manganese and radioactive elements Deposits of minerals use as abrasives, refractories and in ceramics, deposits of coal and petroleum. Elements of prospecting for mineral deposits.
PART-III
(a) Igneous Petrology-Origin of magma and formation of igneous rocks. Bowen's reaction principle. Crystallisation of binary systems. Classification of igneous rocks . Textures and structures of igneous rocks. Composition , origin and mode of occurrence of granite , diorit, mafic and ultramafic groups, anorthosites and alkaline rocks.
(b) Sedimentary Petrology- Sedimentary process and products. Classification of sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary structures. Residual deposits- their mode of formation , chacteristics and types . Clastic deposits their classification , mineral composition and texture.Elementry ideas about the origin and characteristice of quartz arenites, arkoses and graywackes. Siliceous and calcareous deposits of chemical and organic origin.
(c) Metamorphic Petrology- Types and factors of metamorphism. Zones , grades and facies of metamorphism. Regional and contact metamorphism. Textures and structures of metamorphic rocks. Metamorphism of argillaceous , arenaceous , calcareous and basic rocks. Metasomatism.
PART-IV
(a) Paleontology-Habits and habitats of animals .Fossils and fossilization . Modes of preservation. Application of fossils, Study of morphology and geological history of Forminiferida, Brachipoda, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, Trilobita, Echinoides and Anthozoa.
Mammals of Sivalik Group.A Echinoidea and Anthozoa.
(b) Stratigraphy and Geology of India- Fundamental laws of stratigraphy. Stratigraphic classification lithostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic.Geological time scale.
Physiographic division and outline of stratigraphy of India .Brief study of Dharwar, Vindhyan and Gondwana Supergroups and Siwalik Groups with reference to their major subdivision , lithology, fossils,areal distribution and economic importance.

GEOGRAPHY

SECTION-A
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
(i) Geomorphology- Origin of the earth; Geological Time Scale; Interior of the earth; Types and characterisitics of rocks; Folding and Faulting ; Volcanoes; Earth quakes; Weathering; Landforms caused by fluvial , aeolian and glacial actions.
(ii) Climatology-Structure and composition of atmosphere; Temperature; Pressure belts and Wind systems; Clouds and rainfall types ; Cyclones and anti- cyclones; Major climatic types.
(iii)Oceanography-Ocean relief; Temperature;Salinity; Ocean deposits; Ocean currents,EI Nino and La Nino ; Waves and tides.
(iv) Biogeography- Origin and types of soils; Major biomes of the world; Ecosystem and food chai; Environmental degradation and conservation.
SECTION-B
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
(i) Man and Environment Relationship- Growth and development of Human Geography ; Concepts of Determinism and Possibilism.
(ii) Population- Races of mankind and tribes; growth and distribution of world population; migration; population problems of developed and developing countries.
(iii) Econimic Activities-Food gathering and hunting ; pastoral pastoral herding; fishing and forestry; Type of agriculture- shifting ,subsistence, commercial and plantation; Mining Power; Manufacturing - locational factors of textile iron and steel, suger and fertilizer industries; Tertiary activities trade , transport , communication and services.
(iv) Settlements-Origin types and patterns of rural settlements; Processess of urbanisation ; morphology and functional classification of towns; million - cities and mega -cities.
SECTION-C
GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD
(i) Major Natural Reions: Characteristics, economic base and human adaptation.
(ii) Regional Geography of Developed Countries: Canada ,U.S.A Western Europe ,Russia, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
(iii)Regiinal Geography of Developing Countries : S.E Asia , S.W . Asia , China ,Southern Africa and Brazil.
(iv) Regional Geography of South Asia.
SECTION-D
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
(i) Physical Setting-Landforms, drainage, climate, soils and natural vegetation.
(ii) Economic Base-Minerals & energy resources aquatic resources, forest resources: irrigation , agriculture and industries; trade and commerce.
(iii) Population - Growth , distribution and density; demographic characteristice .
(iv) Environmental problems, developmental issues and regional planning.
SECTION-E
GEOGRAPHICAL THOUGHT
(i) Ancient Period-Contributions of indians,Greeks, Romans and Arabs.
(ii) Pre-Modern Period-Contribution of Verenius ,Kant ,Humboldt and Ritter.
(iii) Moder Period-Dichotomy of determinism and possibilism ; contributions of Ratzel, Semple, Huntington and La Blache.
(iv) Recent Period-Quantitive Revolution; Radicalism, Behaveouralism and Humanism
SECTION-F
TECHNIQUES OF GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS
(i) Maps- Scale and types, uses.
(ii) Diagrams- Types and uses
(iii) Projections- Types, characteristics and uses.
(iv) Remote sensing and grographical information system (GIS)- Aerial photographs and imagery, GIS.

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Electrical Circuits Theory and Application-Circuit components network graphs , KCL, KVL ; circuit analysis methods : nodal analysis mesh analysis : basic network theorems and applicatons: transient analysis :RL,RC and RLC circuits : sinusoidal steady state analysis resonant circuits and applications coupled ciruits and application : balanced 3 Phase circuits Two port network driving point and transfer function ; poles and zeros of network function.
Signals & Systems-Representation of continuous time and discretetime signals & system 's LTI system ; convolution impules response time domain analysis ok LIT system based on convolution and differential / difference equation Fourier transform, Laplace transform ,Z-transform Transfer function Sampling and recovery of signals.
Control System-Elements of control system ; block -diagram representations; open -loop & closed -loop system; principles and applications of feedback LTI system: time domain and transform domian analsis Stabilits: Routh Hurwiz criterion root -loci ,Nyquist 's criterion Bode-plots Design of lead -lag compensators; Proportional , Pl ,PID controllers.
E.M.Theory-Electro-static and megneto- static field; Maxwell's equation; e.m waves and wave and wave equation ; wave progagation and antemmas; transmission lines ; micro wave resonators, cavities and wave guides.
Electrical Engineering Materials-Electrical/electronic behaviors of materials; conductivity ; Free electrons and band theory intrinsic and extrinsic semi conductor p-n junction ; solar cells super- conductivity Dielectric behaviour of materials : polarization phenomena ; piezo-electric phenomena .Megnetic materical : behaviour and application.
Analog Electronics-Diode circuits ; rectifiers filters, clipping and clamping zener diode and voltage regulation , Bipolar and field effect transistors (BJT, JFET and MOSFET) : Characteristics, bisaing and small signal equivalent circuits ,Basic amplifier circuits differential amplifier circuits. Amplifiers: analysis frequency response.Princples of feedback; OPAMP circuits; filters; oscillators.
Digital Electronice-Boolean algebre; minimiation of Boolean function ; logic gates, digital IC families (DTL,TTL,ECL,MOS,CMOS) . Combinational circuits : arithmetic circuits , code converters , multiplexers and decoder's Sequential circuits : latches and flip -flops , counters and shiftregisters .Conparators, times , multivibrators. Sample and hold circuits ; ADCs and DACs .Semiconductor memories.
Communication Systems-Fourier analysis of signals: amplitude , phase and power spectrum , auto- correlation and cross- correlation and their Fourier transforms. Analog modulation system : amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation sysytem , spectral analysis ; superheterodyne receivers. Pulse code modulaion (PCM) , differential PCM , delta modulation Digital modulation schemes: amplitude ,phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK , FSK). Multiplexing : time -division, frequency division. Additive Gaussian noise : characterization using correlation , probability density function, power spectral density , Signal to- noise ratio calculations for AM and FM. Elements of digital communication systems : source coding , channel coding ; digitqal modulation &demolution. Elements of information theory. channel capacity Elementsofsatellite andmobile communication principles of televisionengineering ; radar egineering and radio aids to navigation.
Computers and Microprocessors - computer organization; number representation and arithmetic, functional organization, machine instructions addressing modes ALU, hardwired and microprogrammed control, memory organization. Elements of microprocessors : B-bit microprocessors-architecture, instruction set, assembly level programming, memory, I/O interfacing, microcontrollers and applications.
Measurement and Instrumentation- Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance capacitance and frequency; dridge meaurements. Electronic measuring instruments : multimeter, CRO, digitral voltmeter, frequency counter; Q - meteerspectrum - analyser , distortion - meter. Transducers : thermocouple ,theermisor LVDT,
strain- guages, piezo - electric crystal . Use of teansducers in measure - ment ofnon - electrical quantities Data - acquisition saytems.
Energy Conversion-Single - phase transformer : equivalent circuit, Phasor-diagram , tests regulation and efficiency; three-phase transformer; auto transformer.Principle of energy conversion d.c.generators and motors. Performers characteristics starting and speed control armature reaction and commutation; three phase induction motor; performance characteristics starting and speed control . Single phase induction motor. Synchronous generators: performamce characteristic , regulation , parallel operation Sysnchronous motors: starting characteistics ,applications ; synchronous condensor .FHP motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors, brushless d.c motors, single phase motors.
Power Systems-Electric power generation : thermal hydro nuclear . Transmission line parameters: steady-state performance of overhead transmission line and cables. Distribution system : insulators, bundle conductors , corona and radio interference effects; per -unit quantites;bus admittance and impedance matrices ; load flow ; voltage control and power factor correction ,Economic operation .Principles of over current differential and distance protection ;Soild state relays , circuit breakers , concept of system stability .HVDC transmission.
Power Electronics and Electric Drives- semicnductor power devices:diode , transistor , thyristor, triac, GOT and MOSFET , static characteristics, principles of operation ; triggering circuits ; phase contrkolled rectifiers ; bridgeconverters-fully controlled and half controlled; princples of thyristor chopper and inverter. Basic of speed control of DC and Ac motor drives.
Elements of IC Fabrication Technology-Overview of IC Techonlolgy .Unit steps used in IC fabrication: wafer cleaning photolithography ,wet and dry etching , oxdidation diffusion ion-implantation , CVD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of polysilion , sillicon sillconpnitrde and sillion dioxide: metallisation and passivation.

COMMERCE

PART-1
ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING
Accounting- Nature , Scope and objectives of Accounting – Accounting as an Information system . Users of Accounting Information.
Genrerally Accepeted Principles of Accounting – The Accounting Equation Accrual Concept – Other concepts and conventions. Distinction between capital and revenue expenditure . Accounting Standards and their application Accounting Standards relating to fixed assets. Depreciation inventory , recognition of revenue.
Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors , Partnership Firms and Limited Companies – Statutory Provisions –Reserves, Provisions and Funds.
Final Accounts of not –for profit organization . Accounting problems related to admission and retiremnt of a partner and dissolution of a firm.
Accounting for Shares and Debentures Accounting Treatment of Convertible debentures . Analysis and Interpretation of Financial Statements Ratio analysis and interpretation . Ratios relation to short term liquidity , long term solvency and profitability – importance of the rate of return on investment (ROI) in evaluating the overall performance of a business entity Cash – flow statement and Statement of Source and Application of Funds Societal obligations of Accounting.
Auditing- Nature , objectives and basic principles of auditing .
Techniques of Auditing – Physical verification, examination of documents and vouching , direct confirmation, analytical review.
Planning an audit, audit programmes, working papers, audit process.
Evaluation of internal controls.
Test checking and sampling.
Board outline of company audit.
Audit of non- corporate enterprises .
Internal and management audit.
PART-II
BUSINESS ORGANISATION
Distinctive features of different forms of business organization.
Sole Proprietor- partnerships- characteristics, Registration, Partnership deed, Rights and duties ,Retirement , Dissolution.
Joint Stock Company – Concept , characteristice types.
Cooperative and State ownerships forms of organizations.
Types of securities and methods of their issue.
Economic functions of the capital market , stock exchanges , Mutual Funds. Control and regulation of capital market.
Business combinations; control of Monopolies . Problems of modernization of industrial enterprises. Social Responsibility of business.
Foreign Trade- Procedure and financing of import and export trade. Incentives for export promotion. Financing of foreign trade.
Insurance- Principles and practice of Life, Fire, Marine and General insurance.
MANAGEMENT
Management function- Planning – strategies, organizing levels of authority Staffing , Line function and staff function, Leadership , Communication , Motivation , Directing – Principles , Strategies.
Coordination – Concept , types methods.
Control- Principles , performance standards ,corrective action . Salary and wage administration – job evaluation .
Organisation Structure – Centralization and decentralization – Delegation of authority – Span of control – Management by Objectives and Management by Exception
Management ok change ; Crisis Management.
Office Management – scope and principles ; systems and routines; handling of records – modern aids to Office management; Office equipment and machines; Automation and Personal computers.
Impact of Organisation and Methods (O&M)
Company Law
Joint stock companies – incorporation ; document and formalities- Doctrine of indoor management and constructive notice.
Duties and power of board of directors of a company.
Accounts and Audit of Companies
Company Secretary- role and functions- qualifications for appointment.