PART-A
1.Engineering Mechanics- Units and Dimensions, SI Units Vectors, Concept of Force, Concept of particle and rigid body . Concurrent nonconcurrent , and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force and Varignon’s theorem, free body diagram, conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.
First and Second Moments of area. Mass moments of Inertia.
Static Friction Inclined plane and berings.
Kinematics and Kinetics- Kinematics in Cartesian and polar coordinates ,motion under uniform and non-uniform acceleration , motion under gravity . Kinetics of particle : Momentum and Energy principles D’ Alembert’s Principle , Collision of elastic bodies, rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion.
2.Strength of Materials- Simple stress and Strain ,Elastic constants , axially loaded compression members, Shear force and bending moment , theory of simple bending, Shear stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength . Leafspring, Strain Energy in direct stress, bending and shear.
Deflection of beams- Macaulay’s method , Mohr’s moment area method, Conjugate beam method , unit load method . Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power , closecoiled helical springs, Elastic stability of columns: Euler’s Rankine ‘s and Secant formulate . Principal Stresses and Strains in two dimensions, Mohr’s Circle. Theories of Elastic Failure, Thin and Think cylinders: Stresses due to internal and external pressures- Lame’s equation.
3.Structural Analysis- Analysis of pin jointed plane trusses, deflection in trusses. Three hinged and two hinged arches, rib shortening, temperature effects, influence lines in arches. Analysis of propped cantilevers , fixed beams, continuous beams and rigid frames. Slope deflection moment distribution , Kani’s method and Matrix method: Force and Displacement methods. Rolling loads and influence lines for determinate beams and pin jointed trusses.
PART-B
Geotechnical Engineering- Type of soil , field identification and classification, phase relationships , consistency limits , particle size distribution, classification of soil , structure and clay mineralogy.
Capillary water and structural water, effective stress and pore water pressure , Darcy ‘s Law , factors affecting permeability , determination of permeability , permeability of stratified soil deposits.
Seepage pressure , quick sand condition ,compressibility and consolidation , Terzaghi’s theory of one dimensional consolidation , consolidation test. Compaction of soil optimum moisture content , Proctor Density. Sub surface exploration , methods of boring , sampling , type of sampler, field tests.
Shear strength of soils, Mohr-coloumb failure theory. Shear tets Earth pressure at rest active and passive pressures , Rankine ‘s theory, Coloumb’s wedge theory , earth pressure on retaining wall.
Bearing capacity , Terzaghi and other important theories , net and gross bearing pressure , Immediate and consolidation settlement .
Load carrying capacity of pile groups.
Stability of solpe – Conventional method of slices , stability numbers.
Transportation Engineering- Highway alignment , choice of layout and capacity of highways , location survey , geometric design of highways- various elements , curves , grade separation and segregation of traffic, intersection design, highway materials and testing subgrade and pavement components , types of pavements , road drainage elements of airport engineering.
Railway engineering –elements of permanent track – rails, sleepers, ballast and rail fastenings, tractive resistance, elements of geometric design gradients and grade compensation on curves cant transition curves and vertical curves, stresses in railway tracks , points and crossings ,signaling and interlocking , maintenance of railway track. Culverts and small bridges.
PART-C
Fluids Mechanics- Fluid properties , fluid statics, forces on plane and curved surfaces , stability of floating and submerged bodies.
Kinematics- Velocity streamlines , continuity equation , accelerations irrotational and rotational flow , velocity potential and stream functions, flownet ,separation.
Dynamics- Euler’s equation along streamline , control volume equation, continuity momentum , energy and moment of momentum equation from control volume equation , applications to pipe flow , moving vanes, moment of momentum , Dimensional analysis.
Boundary layer on a flat plate , drag and lift on bodies. Laminar and Turbulent Flows. Laminar and turbulent flow through pipes, friction factor variation , pipe network, water hammer and surge tanks.
Open Channel Flow- Energy and momentum correction factors, uniform and non-uniform flows, specific energy and specific force , critical depth, Friction factors and roughness coefficients , flow in transitions, free overfall weirs , hydraulic jump , surges , gradually varied flow equations, surface profiles, moving hydraulic jump.
PART-D
Environmental Engineering
Water Supply- Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand for water , impurities of water and their significance, physical , chemical and bacteriological analysis , water borne diseases standards for portable water.
Intake of Water- Pumping and gravity schemes , water treatment : principles of coagulation , floculation and sedimentation; slow, rapid, pressure , filters; chlorination ,softening removal of taste , odour and salinity.
Water storage and distribution : storage and balancing reservoir types, location and capacity .Distribution systems: layout hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe fittings valves including check and pressure reducing valves meters, analysis of distribution system , leak detection , maintenance of distribution systems , pumping stations and their operations.
Sewerage systems- Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage separate and combined systems flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes, inlets, junctions, siphon. Plumbing in Public buildings.
Sewage characterization- BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen , nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land .
Sewage treatment- Working principles , units chambers, sedimentation tank , trickling filters, oxidations ponds , activated sludge process, septic tank , disposal of sludge , recycling of waste water.
Construction Mangagement- Elements and principles of Activity on Arrow (AOA0 and Activity on Node (AON) networks and work breakdown structure . Interfaces .Ladder networks. Activity time. Time computations and floats . ATC and PTC trade – off . Work study and sampling . Scheduling principles material schedules. ABC and EOQ analysis of inventory. Budgeting with barcharts. Working capital . PERT , probability of completion.
Elements of Engineering Economics , methods of appraisal , present worth ,annual cost , benefit cost , incremental analysis . Economy of scale and size. Choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. Project profitability.
CIVIL ENGINEERING
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CHEMISTRY
0 commentsSECTION-A (INORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
1.1Atomic structure- Schrodinger wave equation , significance of Y and Y2 and quantum and their significance, redial and angular probability , shapes of orbitals , relative energies of atomic orbitals as a function of atomic number . Electronic configurations of elements; Aufbau principle .Hund’s multiplicity rule, pauli exclusion principle.
1.2Chemical periodicity- periodic classification of elements , salient characteristics of services s, p, d and f block elements .Periodic trends of atomic radii ionic radii, ionization potential , electron affinity and electronegativity in the periodic table.
1.3 Chemical bonding – Types of bonding, overlap of atomic orbitals, sigma and pi bond hydrogen and metallic bonds . Shapes of molecules , bond order, bond length, V.S.E.P.R. theory and bond angles. The concept of hybridization and shapes of molecules and ions.
1.4 Oxidation states and oxidation number-Oxidation and reduction , oxidation numbers, common redox reactions , ionic equations . Balancing of equations for reduction reactions.
1.5 Acids and bases- Bronsted and Lewis theories of acids and bases. Hard and soft acids and bases. HSAB principle , relative strengths of acids and bases and the effect of substituents and solvents on their strength .
1.6 Chemistry of elements-
(i)Hydrogen- Its unique position in the periodic table , isotopes , ortho and para hydrogen , industrial production , heavy water.
(ii)Chemistry of s and p block elements- Electronic configuration , general characteristics properties , inert pair effect, allotropy and catenation. Special emphasis on solution of alkaline earth metals in liquid ammonia . Perparation , properties and structures of boric acid , borates , boron, nitrides, borohydride (diborane) , carborances, oxides and oxyacids of nitrogen. Phosphorous, sulphur and chlorine; interhalogne compounds , polyhalide ions , pseudohalogens , flurocarbons and basic properties of halogens. Chemical reactivity of noble gases, preparation , structure and bonding of noble gas compounds.
(iii) Chemistry of d block elements- Transition metals including lanthanides, general characteristic properties , oxidation states, magnetic behaviour, colour . First row transition mentals and general properties of their compounds (oxides , halides and sulphides ); lanthanide contraction.
1.7 Extraction of metals-Principles of extraction of metals as illustrated by sodium, magnesium , aluminium, iron , nickel , copper , silver and gold.
1.8 Nuclear chemistry- Nuclear reactions; mass defect and binding energy, nuclear fission and fusion . Nuclear reactors; radioisotopes and their applications.
1.9 Coordination compounds- Nomenclature , isomerism and theories of coordination compounds and their role in nature and medicine.
1.10 Pollution and its control- Air pollution , type of air pollutants ; control of air and water pollution; radioactive pollution.
SECTION-B (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
2.1 Bonding and shapes of organic molecules-Electro –negativity, electron displacements- inductive, mesomeric and hyperconjugative effects; bond polarity and bond polarizability diopole moments of organic molecules; hydrogen bond; effects of solvent and structure on dissonciation constants of acids and bases ; bond formation, fission of covalent bond : homolysis and heterolysis ; reaction intermediates – carbocations, carbanions , free radicals and carbenes; generation , geometry and stability ; nucleophiles and electrophiles.
2.2 Chemistry of aliphatic compounds-Nomenclature alkenes sysnthesis reactions (free radical halogenation) reactivity and selectivity, sulphonation – detergents; cycloalkanes- Baeyer’s strain theory; alkanes and alkynes- synthesis, electrohilic addition ; reactions , Markownikov’s rule, peroxide effects, 1-3 – dipolar addition ; nucliophilic addition to electron deficient alkenes; polymerization ; relative acidity ; synthesis and reactions of alkyl halides, alkanols ,alkanals, alkanones , alkanoic acids, esters amides, nitriles , amines , acid anhydrides, a , B- unsaturated ketones, ethers and nitro compounds.
2.3 Stereochemistry of carbon compounds- Elements of sysmmetry, chiral and achiral compounds. Fischer projection formulae; optical isomerisom of lactic and tartaric acids, enantiomerism and diastereo isomerism; configuration (relative and absolute); conformations of alkanes upto four carbons, cyclohexane and dimethylcyclo-hexanes- their potential energy. D,L and R, S- notations of compounds containing chiral centres; projection formulae-Fischer , Newman and sawhorse – of compounds containing two adjacent chiral centres; meso and di-isomers, erythro and threo isomers racemization and resolution ; examples of homotopic, entantiotopic and diasteretopic atoms and groups in organic compounds, geometrical isomers; E and Z notations . stereochemistry of SNI, SN2, EI, and E2 reactions.
2.4 Organometallic compounds – Preparation and synthetic uses of Grignard reagents, alky 1 Iithium compounds.
2.5 Active methylene compounds- Diethy 1 malonate, ethy acetoacetate, ethy1 cyanoacetate – applications in organic synthesis ; tautomerism (keto- enol).
2.6 Chemistry of aromatic compounds- Aromaticity ; Huckel’s rule; electrophillic aromatic substitution- nitration, sulphonation, halogenation (nuclear and side chain), Friedel – Crafts alkylation and acylation , subsitituents effect; chemistry and reactivity of aromatic halides, phenols , nitro- diazo, diazonium and sulphonic acid derivatives , benzyne reactions.
2.7 Chemistry of biomolecules-
1.1Atomic structure- Schrodinger wave equation , significance of Y and Y2 and quantum and their significance, redial and angular probability , shapes of orbitals , relative energies of atomic orbitals as a function of atomic number . Electronic configurations of elements; Aufbau principle .Hund’s multiplicity rule, pauli exclusion principle.
1.2Chemical periodicity- periodic classification of elements , salient characteristics of services s, p, d and f block elements .Periodic trends of atomic radii ionic radii, ionization potential , electron affinity and electronegativity in the periodic table.
1.3 Chemical bonding – Types of bonding, overlap of atomic orbitals, sigma and pi bond hydrogen and metallic bonds . Shapes of molecules , bond order, bond length, V.S.E.P.R. theory and bond angles. The concept of hybridization and shapes of molecules and ions.
1.4 Oxidation states and oxidation number-Oxidation and reduction , oxidation numbers, common redox reactions , ionic equations . Balancing of equations for reduction reactions.
1.5 Acids and bases- Bronsted and Lewis theories of acids and bases. Hard and soft acids and bases. HSAB principle , relative strengths of acids and bases and the effect of substituents and solvents on their strength .
1.6 Chemistry of elements-
(i)Hydrogen- Its unique position in the periodic table , isotopes , ortho and para hydrogen , industrial production , heavy water.
(ii)Chemistry of s and p block elements- Electronic configuration , general characteristics properties , inert pair effect, allotropy and catenation. Special emphasis on solution of alkaline earth metals in liquid ammonia . Perparation , properties and structures of boric acid , borates , boron, nitrides, borohydride (diborane) , carborances, oxides and oxyacids of nitrogen. Phosphorous, sulphur and chlorine; interhalogne compounds , polyhalide ions , pseudohalogens , flurocarbons and basic properties of halogens. Chemical reactivity of noble gases, preparation , structure and bonding of noble gas compounds.
(iii) Chemistry of d block elements- Transition metals including lanthanides, general characteristic properties , oxidation states, magnetic behaviour, colour . First row transition mentals and general properties of their compounds (oxides , halides and sulphides ); lanthanide contraction.
1.7 Extraction of metals-Principles of extraction of metals as illustrated by sodium, magnesium , aluminium, iron , nickel , copper , silver and gold.
1.8 Nuclear chemistry- Nuclear reactions; mass defect and binding energy, nuclear fission and fusion . Nuclear reactors; radioisotopes and their applications.
1.9 Coordination compounds- Nomenclature , isomerism and theories of coordination compounds and their role in nature and medicine.
1.10 Pollution and its control- Air pollution , type of air pollutants ; control of air and water pollution; radioactive pollution.
SECTION-B (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
2.1 Bonding and shapes of organic molecules-Electro –negativity, electron displacements- inductive, mesomeric and hyperconjugative effects; bond polarity and bond polarizability diopole moments of organic molecules; hydrogen bond; effects of solvent and structure on dissonciation constants of acids and bases ; bond formation, fission of covalent bond : homolysis and heterolysis ; reaction intermediates – carbocations, carbanions , free radicals and carbenes; generation , geometry and stability ; nucleophiles and electrophiles.
2.2 Chemistry of aliphatic compounds-Nomenclature alkenes sysnthesis reactions (free radical halogenation) reactivity and selectivity, sulphonation – detergents; cycloalkanes- Baeyer’s strain theory; alkanes and alkynes- synthesis, electrohilic addition ; reactions , Markownikov’s rule, peroxide effects, 1-3 – dipolar addition ; nucliophilic addition to electron deficient alkenes; polymerization ; relative acidity ; synthesis and reactions of alkyl halides, alkanols ,alkanals, alkanones , alkanoic acids, esters amides, nitriles , amines , acid anhydrides, a , B- unsaturated ketones, ethers and nitro compounds.
2.3 Stereochemistry of carbon compounds- Elements of sysmmetry, chiral and achiral compounds. Fischer projection formulae; optical isomerisom of lactic and tartaric acids, enantiomerism and diastereo isomerism; configuration (relative and absolute); conformations of alkanes upto four carbons, cyclohexane and dimethylcyclo-hexanes- their potential energy. D,L and R, S- notations of compounds containing chiral centres; projection formulae-Fischer , Newman and sawhorse – of compounds containing two adjacent chiral centres; meso and di-isomers, erythro and threo isomers racemization and resolution ; examples of homotopic, entantiotopic and diasteretopic atoms and groups in organic compounds, geometrical isomers; E and Z notations . stereochemistry of SNI, SN2, EI, and E2 reactions.
2.4 Organometallic compounds – Preparation and synthetic uses of Grignard reagents, alky 1 Iithium compounds.
2.5 Active methylene compounds- Diethy 1 malonate, ethy acetoacetate, ethy1 cyanoacetate – applications in organic synthesis ; tautomerism (keto- enol).
2.6 Chemistry of aromatic compounds- Aromaticity ; Huckel’s rule; electrophillic aromatic substitution- nitration, sulphonation, halogenation (nuclear and side chain), Friedel – Crafts alkylation and acylation , subsitituents effect; chemistry and reactivity of aromatic halides, phenols , nitro- diazo, diazonium and sulphonic acid derivatives , benzyne reactions.
2.7 Chemistry of biomolecules-
(i) Carbohydrates- Classification, reactions, structure of glucose , D L-configuration, osazone formation ; fructose and sucrose ; step – up step- down of aldoses and ketoses , and their interconversions.
(ii) Amino acids- Essential amino acids; zwitterions , isoelectric point, polypeptides; proteins; methods of synthesis of a amino acids.
2.8 Basic principles and applications of UV, visible, IR and NMR spectroscopy of simple organic molecules.
SECTION-C (PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)
3.1 Gaseous state-Deviation of real gases from the equation of state for an ideal gas, van der Waals and Viril equation of states , critical phenomena , principle of correrponding states, equation for reduced state. Liquification of gases , distribution of molecular speed , collisions between molecules in a gas; mean free path , specific heat of gases.
3.2 Thermodynamics-
(ii) Amino acids- Essential amino acids; zwitterions , isoelectric point, polypeptides; proteins; methods of synthesis of a amino acids.
2.8 Basic principles and applications of UV, visible, IR and NMR spectroscopy of simple organic molecules.
SECTION-C (PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY)
3.1 Gaseous state-Deviation of real gases from the equation of state for an ideal gas, van der Waals and Viril equation of states , critical phenomena , principle of correrponding states, equation for reduced state. Liquification of gases , distribution of molecular speed , collisions between molecules in a gas; mean free path , specific heat of gases.
3.2 Thermodynamics-
(i) First law and its applications: Thermodynamic systems, states and processes work, heat and internal energy zeroth law of thermodynamics various types of work done on a system in reversible and irreversible processes. Calorimetry and thermochemistry , enthalpy and enthalpy changes in various physical and chemical processes, Joule – Thomson effect, inversion temperature . Heat capacities and temperature dependence of enthalpy and energy changes.
(ii) Second law and its applications- Spontaneity of a process entropy and entropy changes in various processes, free energy functions , criteria for equilibrium , relation between equilibrium constant and thermodynamic quantites.
3.3 Phase rule and its applications- Equilibrium between liquid , solid and vapours of a pure substance, Clausius- Clapeyron equation and its applications, Number of components, phases and degrees of freedom; phase rule and its applications; simple systems with one (water and sulphur) and two components (lead –silver , salt hydrates). Distribution law, its modifications, limitations and applications.
3.4 Solution- Solubility and its temperature dependence , partially miscible liquids , upper and lower critical solution temperatures, vapour pressures of liquids over their mixtures , Raoult’s and Henry’s laws , fractional and steam distillations.
3.5 Colligative Properties- Dilute solutions and colligative properties, determination of molecular weights using colligative properties.
3.6 Electrochemistry- Ions in solutions , ionic equilibria, dissociation constants of acids and bases, hydrolysis , pH and buffers, theory of indicators and acid- base titrations. Conductivity of ionic solutions , its variation with concentration , Ostwald’s dilution law. Kohlraush law and its application . Transport number and its determination .Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, galvanic cells and measurements of their e.m.f., cell reactions, standard cell , standard reduction potential, Nernst equation , relation between thermodynamic quantities and cell e.m.f., fuel cells , potentiometric titrations
3.7 Chemical kinetics- Rate of chemical reaction and its dependence on concentrations of the reactants , rate constant and order of reaction and their experimental determination; differential and integral rate equations for first and second order reaction , helf – life periods ; temperature dependence of rate constant and Arrhenius parameters; elementary ideas regarding collision and transition state theory.
3.8 Photochemistry- Absorption of light , laws of photochemistry , quantum yield , the excited state and its decay by radiative , nonradiative and chemical pathways; simple photochemical reactions.
3.9 Catalysis- Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and their characteristics , mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis; enzyme catalysed reaction (Michaelis Menten mechanism).
3.10 Colloids- The colloidal state, preparation and purification of colloids and their characteristics properties ; lyophilic and lyphobic colloids and coagulation; protection of colloids; gels, emulsions, surfactants and micelles.
(ii) Second law and its applications- Spontaneity of a process entropy and entropy changes in various processes, free energy functions , criteria for equilibrium , relation between equilibrium constant and thermodynamic quantites.
3.3 Phase rule and its applications- Equilibrium between liquid , solid and vapours of a pure substance, Clausius- Clapeyron equation and its applications, Number of components, phases and degrees of freedom; phase rule and its applications; simple systems with one (water and sulphur) and two components (lead –silver , salt hydrates). Distribution law, its modifications, limitations and applications.
3.4 Solution- Solubility and its temperature dependence , partially miscible liquids , upper and lower critical solution temperatures, vapour pressures of liquids over their mixtures , Raoult’s and Henry’s laws , fractional and steam distillations.
3.5 Colligative Properties- Dilute solutions and colligative properties, determination of molecular weights using colligative properties.
3.6 Electrochemistry- Ions in solutions , ionic equilibria, dissociation constants of acids and bases, hydrolysis , pH and buffers, theory of indicators and acid- base titrations. Conductivity of ionic solutions , its variation with concentration , Ostwald’s dilution law. Kohlraush law and its application . Transport number and its determination .Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, galvanic cells and measurements of their e.m.f., cell reactions, standard cell , standard reduction potential, Nernst equation , relation between thermodynamic quantities and cell e.m.f., fuel cells , potentiometric titrations
3.7 Chemical kinetics- Rate of chemical reaction and its dependence on concentrations of the reactants , rate constant and order of reaction and their experimental determination; differential and integral rate equations for first and second order reaction , helf – life periods ; temperature dependence of rate constant and Arrhenius parameters; elementary ideas regarding collision and transition state theory.
3.8 Photochemistry- Absorption of light , laws of photochemistry , quantum yield , the excited state and its decay by radiative , nonradiative and chemical pathways; simple photochemical reactions.
3.9 Catalysis- Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and their characteristics , mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis; enzyme catalysed reaction (Michaelis Menten mechanism).
3.10 Colloids- The colloidal state, preparation and purification of colloids and their characteristics properties ; lyophilic and lyphobic colloids and coagulation; protection of colloids; gels, emulsions, surfactants and micelles.
BOTANY
0 commentsCell Biology-Structure and function of cell wall (extracellular matrix or ECM). Cell membrane cell organelles. Nucleus. Nucleolus nuclear pore complex (NPC), chromosome and nucleosome. Mitosis, meiosis, molecular control involving check- points in cell division cycle. Differentiation, Cellular senescence.
Genetices, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology – Laws of inheritance .Concept of gene and allelomorph .Linkage crossing over and gene . mapping Structural and allelomorph . Linkage crossing over and gene mapping . Structural and numerical changes in chromosomes and gene mutation .Sex determination and differentiation .Structure and synthesis of nucleic acide and proteins .Genetic code. Regulation of gene expression . Genetic engineering and crop improvement . Protoplast, cell , tissue and organ cultures. Somatic hybridization , Biofertilizers and biopesticides . Biotechnology in agri- horticulture . medicine and industry.
Tissue Systems- Origin, development , structure and function of primary and secondary tissue.
Plant Diversity and systematics- Structure and function of plant forms from evolutionary aspects (virues to Angiosperms including fossile). Principles of nomenclature, classification and identification of plants . Modern approaches in plant taxonomy .Recent classification of living organism into three groups ( bacteria , archaea and eukarya).
Plant Physiology-Water relations. Mineral nutrition .Photosynthesis .Respiration .Nitrogen metabolism. Enzymes and coenzymes. Dynamics of growth , growth movements growth substances, photomorphogenesis . Secondary metabolites .Isotopes in biological studies . Physiology of flowering .
Methods of Reproduction and Seed Biology-Vegetative asexual and sexual methods of reproduction .Pollination and fertilization . Sexual incompatibility . Development , Structure , dormancy and germination of seed.
Plant Pathology-Diseases of rice ,Wheat , sugarcane, potatomustard , groundnut and cotton crops. Factors affecting infection (host factors, pathogen factors, biotic factors like rhizosphere and phyllosphere organisms). Chemical ,biological and genetic methods of disease control (including transgenic plants).
Plant and Environment- Biotic and abiotic components . Ecological adaptation .Types of vegetational zone and forests of India . Deforestation , afforestation, social forestry and plant introduction .Soil erosion, wasteland, reclamation. Environmental polution and its control (including Phytoremediation). Bioindicators. Global warming.
Biodiversity, Plant Genetic Resources-Methods of conservation of plant genetic resources and its importance. Convention of Biologic Diversity (CBD). Endangerd, threatened and endemic taxa. Role of cell/tissue culture in propagation and enrichment of genetic diversity .plants as sources of food , fodder forage fibres , oils, drugs, wood and timber paper , rubber , beverages, spices, essential oils and resins gums ,dyes, insecticides, pesticide and ornamentation . Biomass as a source of energy.
Origin of Life and Evolution- Basic concept of origin of earth and origin of life . Theories of organic evolution , molecular basis of evolution.
Genetices, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology – Laws of inheritance .Concept of gene and allelomorph .Linkage crossing over and gene . mapping Structural and allelomorph . Linkage crossing over and gene mapping . Structural and numerical changes in chromosomes and gene mutation .Sex determination and differentiation .Structure and synthesis of nucleic acide and proteins .Genetic code. Regulation of gene expression . Genetic engineering and crop improvement . Protoplast, cell , tissue and organ cultures. Somatic hybridization , Biofertilizers and biopesticides . Biotechnology in agri- horticulture . medicine and industry.
Tissue Systems- Origin, development , structure and function of primary and secondary tissue.
Plant Diversity and systematics- Structure and function of plant forms from evolutionary aspects (virues to Angiosperms including fossile). Principles of nomenclature, classification and identification of plants . Modern approaches in plant taxonomy .Recent classification of living organism into three groups ( bacteria , archaea and eukarya).
Plant Physiology-Water relations. Mineral nutrition .Photosynthesis .Respiration .Nitrogen metabolism. Enzymes and coenzymes. Dynamics of growth , growth movements growth substances, photomorphogenesis . Secondary metabolites .Isotopes in biological studies . Physiology of flowering .
Methods of Reproduction and Seed Biology-Vegetative asexual and sexual methods of reproduction .Pollination and fertilization . Sexual incompatibility . Development , Structure , dormancy and germination of seed.
Plant Pathology-Diseases of rice ,Wheat , sugarcane, potatomustard , groundnut and cotton crops. Factors affecting infection (host factors, pathogen factors, biotic factors like rhizosphere and phyllosphere organisms). Chemical ,biological and genetic methods of disease control (including transgenic plants).
Plant and Environment- Biotic and abiotic components . Ecological adaptation .Types of vegetational zone and forests of India . Deforestation , afforestation, social forestry and plant introduction .Soil erosion, wasteland, reclamation. Environmental polution and its control (including Phytoremediation). Bioindicators. Global warming.
Biodiversity, Plant Genetic Resources-Methods of conservation of plant genetic resources and its importance. Convention of Biologic Diversity (CBD). Endangerd, threatened and endemic taxa. Role of cell/tissue culture in propagation and enrichment of genetic diversity .plants as sources of food , fodder forage fibres , oils, drugs, wood and timber paper , rubber , beverages, spices, essential oils and resins gums ,dyes, insecticides, pesticide and ornamentation . Biomass as a source of energy.
Origin of Life and Evolution- Basic concept of origin of earth and origin of life . Theories of organic evolution , molecular basis of evolution.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND VETERINARY SCIENCE
0 commentsANIMAL HUSBANDRY
1.General-Role of Livestock in Indian Economy and human health . Mixed farming .Agroclimatic zons and livestock distribution . Socioeconomic aspects of livestock enterprise with special reference to women.
2. Genetics and Breeding-Principle of genetics, chemical nature of DNA and RNA and their models and functions . Recombinant DNA technology , transgenic animals multiple ovulation and embryo transfer cytogenetics immunogenetics and biochemical polymorphic and their application in animal improvement Gene actions Systems and strategies for improvement of live stock for milk meat. Wool production and drought and poultry for eggs and meat. Breeding of animals for disease resistance. Breeds of livestock poultry and rabbits.
3. Nutrition-Role of nutrition in animal health and production . Classification of feeds, Proximate composition of feeds feeding standards. Computation of ration .Ruminant nutrition . concepts of total digestible nutrient and starch equivalent systems. Significance of energy determinations . Conservation of feeds and fodder and utilization of agro by products. Feed supplements and additives. Nutrition deficiencies and their management.
4. Management-Systems of housing and management of livestock , poultry and rabbits . Farm record .Economics of livestock , poultry and rabbit farming lean milk production .Veterinary hygienie with reference of water. Purification of water. Air changers and thermal comfort. Drainage systems and effluent disposal .Biogas.
5. Animal Production-(a) Artifical insemination fertility and sterility . Reproductive physiology , semen characteristics and preservation .
Sterility its cause and remedies.
(b) Meat eggs and wool production .Methods of slaughter of meat animals , meat inspection judgment , carcass characteristics ,adulteration and its detection processing and preservation ; Meat products ,quality control and nutritive value , By- products .physiology of egg production , nutritive value , grading of eggs preservation and marketing.
Types of wool , grading and marketing.
Veterinary Science-
(i) Major contagious diseases affecting cattle, buffaloes , horses, sheep and goats ,pig, poultry, rabbits and pet animals- Etiology , symptoms, pathogenicity, diagnosis treatment and control of major bacterial , viral , ricketisial and paraditic infections.
(ii) Description , symptoms, diagnisis and treatment of the following :
production diseases of milch animals, pig and poultry.
Deficiency diseases of domestic livestock and birds.
Poisonings due to infected/ contaminated foods and feeds , chemicals and drugs.
Principles of immunization and vaccination-Different type of immunity, antigens and antibodies. Methods of immunization .Breakdown of immunity , Vaccines and their use in animals.
Zoonoses, Fiidborne infection and intoxications occupation hazards.
(a) Poisons used for killing animals euthanesia.
(b) Drugs used of increasing production/ performance efficiency , and their adverse effects.
(c) Drugs used to tranquilize wild animals as well as animals in captivity.
(d) Quarantine measures in India and abroad . Act, Rule and Regulation
Diary Science-Physicochemical and nutrition properties of milk.
Quality assessment of milk and milk products , Common tests and legal standards . Cleaning and sanitation of dairy equipment .Milk collections , chilling , transportation processing , packaging , storage and distribution . Manufacture of market milk ,Cream butter , cheese , ice –cream , condensed and dried milk , by products and Indian Milk products. Unit operations in dairy plant.
Role of micro organism in quality of milk and products physiology of milk secretion.
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